Narrative Palindrome - 1883

This puzzle post is more historical fascination with palindromes, this time from an 1883 edition of the Mount Barker Courier and Onkaparinga and Gumeracha Advertiser.  Like my last puzzle post there is no solution yet.  Feel free to suggest answers and at some point in the future I hope to be able to provide a solution.  I think I have worked out the first pair (1A:1B) see the above image for my attempt.

Update Feb 2022 - Spoiler alert - have suggested 8 solutions for the 26 pairs at the end of the document.

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NARRATIVE PALINDROME.

[By Miss C. H. Spence.]

[The blanks in the following narrative are to be taken in pairs. The first spelled backwards makes the second, the third spelled backwards makes the fourth, and so on. This kind of composition is rather amusing, and offers a variety when young people are fond of writing games. Although the number of palindromic words in the English language is limited, they are much more numerous than the superficial observer fancies, and some of the turns are very quaint.] 

THE CRUSHED POET.

While wandering over the ranges near Mount Barker township, I fell in with an old friend, [- 1A -] Walters, living in a hovel more fit to be the [- 1B -] of a wallaby than the home of a man. He had the greatest facility in verse-making, and as he was perhaps the best ornamental [- 2A -] in the colony and disposed to [- 2B -] at everything and everybody, he [- 3A -] that he [- 3B -] cut out to [- 4A -] a comic newspaper, and hoped to take fortune at the [- 4B -]. A dear friend, whom he poetically called his [- 5A -], who was leading a [- 5B -] life in the bush, was induced to take in the venture, and Walters went out with a [- 6A -] to convey him and his small belongings to Adelaide with all possible [- 6B -]. For ere they had braved the [- 7A -] to emigrate, Tim Crayon had designed patterns for his uncle, a manufacturer of damask and [- 7B -], for which he had been in [- 8A -] such a niggardly manner that he was forced to take lodgings near the chimney [- 8B -] and [- 9A -] the broken windows with rags. Walters had been the [- 9B -] of Crayon's uncle, and he was sure that his friend could [- 10A -] [- 10B -]. When Walters had [- 11A -] this cooperation he hoped to make the fortune of both, but [- 11B -] Walters was not such a lucky literateur as [- 12A -], nor Crayon as Tenniel; they came to grief before a year was out. When they wrote to the old man to [- 12B -] them from their pecuniary embarrassments he only [- 13A -] them and said it served them right. Crayon went and threw himself into the Torrens [- 13B -]. A friend on the Exchange who had done a [- 14A -] stroke in [- 14B -] took Walters into his office in the [- 15A -] of a boy named [- 15B -]. But the [- 16A -] hand wrote verses better than he could keep accounts, and he and his master were at constant [- 16B -]. At last, when Walters had written [- 17A -] instead of acre in a memorandum of a land sale, his master slammed the [- 17B -] in his face and turned him adrift. Like a stricken [- 18A -] he left the herd, and here in these solitudes he never breathes on the [- 18B -] of [- 19A -] but hangs his harp on the sheaoak (sic), glad when in a brief [- 19B -] he forgets his sorrows. The [- 20A -] of his life is like that of the sons of [- 20B -], he can never [- 21A -] with a congenial soul and the fancies with which his, brain used to [- 21B -] have for a long [- 22A -] ceased to [- 22B -] any wit or wisdom for the good of his fellows. Here the poor [- 23A -] as he calls himself has [- 23B -] for months, and in mournful [- 24A -] has written his own epitaph in anticipation of his approaching [- 24B -]. He requested me to see that he was [- 25A -] beside a rude [- 25B -] of his own construction and to engrave on the stone : " To [- 26A -] is [- 26B -]; to rest is sweet."

Source: NARRATIVE PALINDROME. (1883, April 20). The Mount Barker Courier and Onkaparinga and Gumeracha Advertiser (SA : 1880 - 1954), p. 3. Retrieved December 19, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article148106288

Working towards a solution ... stop scrolling now if you want to solve it all by yourself.

Thank you Clare Vandenberghe for your contribution to pairs 17, 18 and 21.

THE CRUSHED POET.

While wandering over the ranges near Mount Barker township, I fell in with an old friend, NED Walters, living in a hovel more fit to be the DEN of a wallaby than the home of a man. He had the greatest facility in verse-making, and as he was perhaps the best ornamental LIAR in the colony and disposed to RAIL at everything and everybody, he SAW that he WAS cut out to EDIT a comic newspaper, and hoped to take fortune at the TIDE. A dear friend, whom he poetically called his [- 5A -], who was leading a [- 5B -] life in the bush, was induced to take in the venture, and Walters went out with a [- 6A -] to convey him and his small belongings to Adelaide with all possible [- 6B -]. For ere they had braved the [- 7A -] to emigrate, Tim Crayon had designed patterns for his uncle, a manufacturer of damask and [- 7B -], for which he had been in [- 8A -]such a niggardly manner that he was forced to take lodgings near the chimney [- 8B -] and LAP the broken windows with rags. Walters had been the PAL of Crayon's uncle, and he was sure that his friend could [- 10A -] [- 10B -]. When Walters had [- 11A -] this cooperation he hoped to make the fortune of both, but [- 11B -] Walters was not such a lucky literateur as [- 12A -], nor Crayon as Tenniel; they came to grief before a year was out. When they wrote to the old man to [- 12B -] them from their pecuniary embarrassments he only [- 13A -] them and said it served them right. Crayon went and threw himself into the Torrens [- 13B -]. A friend on the Exchange who had done a [- 14A -] stroke in [- 14B -] took Walters into his office in the [- 15A -] of a boy named [- 15B -]. But the [- 16A -] hand wrote verses better than he could keep accounts, and he and his master were at constant [- 16B -]. At last, when Walters had written ROOD instead of acre in a memorandum of a land sale, his master slammed the DOOR in his face and turned him adrift. Like a stricken DEER he left the herd, and here in these solitudes he never breathes on the REED of [- 19A -] but hangs his harp on the sheaoak (sic), glad when in a brief [- 19B -] he forgets his sorrows. The [- 20A -] of his life is like that of the sons of [- 20B -], he can never MEET with a congenial soul and the fancies with which his, brain used to TEEM have for a long TIME ceased to EMIT any wit or wisdom for the good of his fellows. Here the poor [- 23A -] as he calls himself has [- 23B -] for months, and in mournful MOOD has written his own epitaph in anticipation of his approaching DOOM. He requested me to see that he was [- 25A -] beside a rude [- 25B -] of his own construction and to engrave on the stone : " To LIVE is EVIL; to rest is sweet."

A short bio of the sloop, 'Norfolk', 1798-1800

The ‘fame’ of the sloop Norfolk mostly emerges from its association with the voyages of Matthew Flinders, especially the circumnavigation of Tasmania with George Bass.  Although perhaps the ship more famously associated with Flinders is the HMS Investigator in which he completed the circumnavigation of Australia.

1798 - Built illegally on Norfolk Island, by order of Captain John Townson. Probably using the longboat of the First Fleet ship HMS Sirius as a template. The Sirius was wrecked at Norfolk Island in 1790.

It was the first sea-faring ship built on Norfolk Island, a small settlement located 1,673 km from Sydney. As Norfolk Island’s population included convicts, the shipbuilding project was in blatant disregard of a command issued by Governor John Hunter. However, low supplies and disgruntled settlers convinced the Island’s new Lieutenant-Governor, Captain John Townson, to approve the project. Constructed from local Norfolk Pine, the small one-masted sloop successfully arrived in Sydney Cove in June 1798. (Maritime Museums Australia)

For further information about the pressures that led to the construction of the Norfolk see this useful discussion at Discover Norfolk.  

June 1798 - Arrived in Sydney Cove, and was immediately confiscated by Governor Hunter and then given to Flinders for exploratory purposes. Flinders used it for two mapping voyages, the circumnavigation of Tasmania and an exploratory trip to Moreton Bay.

1798 - Jan 1799 Used by Bass and Flinders to circumnavigate Tasmania.  This is a strongly celebrated event and inspired a reenactment and an Australian 50 cent piece for the 1998 bicentennial of the event. 

July 1799 - Flinders, with has aboriginal friend and guide Bungaree, were sent to chart the waters between Moreton Bay and Hervey Bay.  A transcribed version of his journal for this voyage can be found at The State Library of New South Wales website.  However this story is not the whole story.

After Flinders had used the Norfolk for his explorations it was put into service as a goods transport vessel between the Hawkesbury River settlements and Sydney Town.

1800 - Captured by fifteen escaped convicts (pirates) at the mouth of the Hawkesbury River it was subsequently wrecked at what is now called Pirate Point, Newcastle.  Of the fifteen convicts involved, two were executed, seven were sentenced to transportation to Norfolk Island and the remaining six escaped. Probably finding refuge with aboriginal people.

Of the fifteen convicts who wrecked the small sloop on Pirates’ Point (Stockton Peninsula), seven were ironically sent to Norfolk Island as punishment. The very place the ship had illegally been built! Made in secret, confiscated, stolen and finally wrecked, the little sloop Norfolk had a short, but important story. (Australian Maritime Museums)

A fuller and excellent discussion of this pirate event on Australian shores can be found that the blog Free Settler or Felon. 

Megafauna in Freestone Creek

In preparation for the 150th anniversary of Freestone State School I turned to Trove, the National Library of Australia’s Online Newspaper Archive. One of the stories that emerged was the discovery of megafauna fossils, some of which were in close proximity to the school.

Contact with the Queensland Museum revealed that four fossil species of interest to the museum have been found in the vicinity of Freestone Creek, of which the first three could be described as megafauna.

Kukadonta robusta - a diprotodon (giant wombat) 

Nototherium - another diprotodon

Protocoptodon rapha - a giant kangaroo, and

Dasyurus dunmalli - an ancient quoll

The presence of prehistoric megafauna on the Darling Downs has been known for a long time.  The explorer Ludwig Leichhardt wrote in his journal … 

The Condamine forms, for a great distance, the separation of the sandstone country to the westward, from the rich basaltic plains to the eastward. These plains, so famous for the richness of their pasture, and for the excellency of the sheep and cattle depastured upon them, have become equally remarkable as the depositaries of the remains of extinct species of animals, several of which must have been of a gigantic size, being the Marsupial representatives of the Pachydermal order of other continents.

Mr. Isaacs' station is particularly rich in these fossil remains; and they have been likewise found in the beds and banks of Mr. Hodgson's and of Mr. Campbell's Creeks, and also of Oaky Creek. At Isaacs' Creek, they occur together with recent freshwater shells of species still living in the neighbouring ponds, and with marly and calcareous concretions; which induces me to suppose that these plains were covered with large sheets of water, fed probably by calcareous springs connected with the basaltic range, and that huge animals, fond of water, were living, either on the rich herbage surrounding these ponds or lakes, or browsing upon the leaves and branches of trees forming thick brushes on the slopes of the neighbouring hills. 

Ludwig Leichhardt (1847) Journal of an Overland Expedition in Australia. https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/5005/pg5005-images.html 

The mid-nineteenth century was a period of vigorous and sometimes contested discovery and some of the big names of science showed an interest in the discoveries which were emerging from the Australian colonies.  Among them was Richard Owen, best known for creating the term ‘dinosaur’.  Owen wrote about the Darling Downs megafauna, and the names they carry through to today are his creation. 

The name of Professor Richard Owen, F.R.S., C.B., &c, f&c., superintendent of the Natural History Department of the British Museum, is a household one in every home in the colonised world where science throws even its shadows across the threshold of the door.

http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51904089 

I mention him because you bump into his name again and especially in the attribution of names to specimens.

Timeline

Year	Event
1827	Cunningham explores part of the region
1827	Forming of the Australian Museum
1841	Warwick is settled by the Leslie Brothers
1843	Owen reports on some of his findings about Darling Downs Fossils and asks for others to supply him with more specimens
1845	Owen names the genus Nototherium (Wood, 1970)
1847	Liechhardt publishes the account of his travels in 1845-6, with mention of large marsupial fossils near the Condamine River
1849	Approval for the site of the Warwick Township
1862	Settlement in Freestone by Henry and Elizabeth Smith
1862	Forming of the Queensland Museum
1870	Opening of the Freestone Lower Creek School
1872	Richard Owen published his Fossil Marsupial Mammals of Australia, which includes some Condamine fossils
1874	Owen decribes Procoptodon rapha
1891	Publication of De Vis (1891) In confirmation of the genus Owenia so-called. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of N.S.W. 6: 159-165
1895	Newspaper article - The Queenslander concerning floods revealing fossils
1898	Newspaper article - The Queenslander concerning identification of Freestone specimens
1907	Newspaper article - Warwick Examiner and Times concerning a recent discovery
1922	Newspaper article - Daily Mail, Brisbane, mentioning fossils in Freestone Creek
1941	Loss of the syntype for Nototherium inerme during the bombing of the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons (Woods, 1968)
1952	Newspaper article - Warwick Daily News concerning a recent discovery
1952	Newspaper article - Courier Mail concerning a recent discovery
1968	Publication of Woods (1968) The identity of the extinct marsupial genus Nototherium Owen. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 15(2): 111-116
1970	Publication of Bartholomai, A. (1970) The extinct genus Procoptodon Owen (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) in Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 15(4): 213-233
1970	Publication of Hill, Playford & Woods eds. (1970) Cainozoic Fossils of Queensland. Queensland Palaoentological Society.
2008	Publication of Price, G. (2008) Taxonomy and palaeobiology of the largest-ever marsupial, Diprotodon Owen, 1838 (Diprotodontidae, Marsupialia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 153: 389-417
2010	Publication of Mackness, B. (2010) On the identity of Euowenia robusta De Vis, 1891 with a description of a new zygomaturine genus. Alcheringa 34: 455-469

Articles in date order - genus mentioned

1895 - Nototherium, Diprotodon

Natural History Society.

The fortnightly meeting of the Natural History Society was held last week in the Museum Library. The hon. secretary (Mr. A. T. O. Preston) announced the receipt of additions to the library from the Royal Society, Department of Agriculture, and from Messrs. H. Tryon and A. Meston. The preliminary business included the nomination of two candidates for membership, after which a paper was read on "Some Extinct Animals from Jimbour Creek, Darling Downs." The following is a summary thereof :— 

The Downs has ever been a district productive of fossils. Most of the creeks discharging into the Condamine, if examined after a fresh or two, will reveal scattered bones and teeth, either in the bed of gravel, where they have settled after the first swift rush of water, or jutting from the bank, where they have been deposited in successive layers during the preceding changes of the river bed. The banks of King and Gowrie Creeks, on Canning Downs, Freestone Creek, and all the various watercourses of the Western plains, from Chinchilla inwards, and probably further out West, have supplied various fossil bones to the museum. As in many other creeks on the Downs, the fossil remains so numerous under the plains round Dalby and Chinchilla, are found embedded in a calcareous deposit, with which they are often so much coated as to form a tufa, in which the hidden bone is almost unrecognisable, so much has its shape been altered. Mixed with this are fresh water shells of the same form as those at present procurable in existing creeks and waterholes, leading one to the conclusion that these mighty animals had somewhat the amphibious tendencies of their larger predecessors, the reptile dinosaurs of the Old and New World strata ; dying as the water receded, perishing by degrees, until now, we have the whole of the underlying strata of these plains one immense cemetery, one jumbled mass of broken bones; grim, silent remains, telling of a long-lost world of animal creation. The whole of the bed and banks of Jimbour Creek supply fossil remains in scattered and broken fragments, but in great abundance, those of Nototharas, Diprotodons, Macropods and Halmaturi being typical. 

The first of these that I had the good fortune to expose was the greater portion of the skeleton of Diprotodon Australis — a paterfamilias as Mr. de Vis informs me, a full-toothed old chap. These animals usually measured 6ft. to 8ft. high, with a length from 10ft. to 12ft., and were herbivorous. The bones of this example were in a poor state of preservation, much crushed, and displaced by the mass of black soil overlaying them, and of a crumbling texture. The greater part of the fore-skeleton was observable jutting from the bank, but no feet, or bone fragments of the same were found, this being the only portion not yet obtained, of this gigantic marsupial. Most of the ribs were there, a portion of the verte-bra, and the immense skull fully 3ft. in length and 18in. in breadth across the cranium. The enamel on the molars was perfectly preserved, but terribly crushed out of shape. 

Since then many fragments, well preserved and fossilised, consisting of the limb bones—namely, the tibia, fibula, ulna, radius, and humerus, together with portions of ribs and vertebral joints, of the same animal, have been unearthed. Not less important was the discovery of two or three maxillaries with large incisors and molars, more or less worn, attached. One or two of the latter measured from 2 ½ in. to 3in. in length and 1½in. across. 

Of other members of this order I have met with jaws, teeth and leg-bones in splendid preservation, the possessors of which belonged to the Macropods, and must have been of immense size as compared with the kangaroos and wallabies of the present day. The lower maxillaries so often found here belonging to Macropus pan and Magister, must have been 8in. to a foot in length ; one very good specimen in particular showed much worn molars, with the new teeth supplying their place in underlying cavities. The Halmaturi unearthed here include H. anak, which, from its name, I should say was the largest of the genus ; H. Cooperi or Cooper's wallaby ; H. orcinus, vincens, minor, Thor. and Siva, the two latter evidently receiving their specific names historically from ancient gods of the Vikings and Hindoos respectively. All of these mandibles contained teeth of perfect shape and preservation, apparently undamaged by the wear and tear of ages of chafing by water and rock. 

Of the third or wombat family specimens of no less than two, perhaps more, species of "Nototheres" are met with here, one of which proved to be N. Mitchell. Perhaps the most important find on this creek was that of a scapholunar of the ankle, the fourth metatarsal, and the cuneiform from the foot of a Nototherium, which discovery goes far to prove the affinity of the Nototharia to that large branch of the animal kingdom to which also the Diprotodon belongs—namely, the "wombats." I may state that since that discovery I have met with and unearthed another foot fragment further down the same creek, which as yet I have not submitted to Mr. De Vis, through whose kindness I have been able to name the fragments. 

Before leaving the subject finally I should not forget to mention the very common occurrence of portions of the caudal vertebrae of the immense iguano-like lizard of that period, the Megalania prisca of the late Sir Richard Owen. This reptile, from the abundance of its vertebral joints, which are black, solid, and 3in. by 1½ in. at the head, and much constricted between, ought to have been no very great rarity in the Nototherian period of ancient Australia. 

The hon. secretary, who read the paper in the absence of its author, also gave extracts from a lecture on the subject given by Mr. C. W. De Vis, M.A., at one of the congresses of the Science Association. Characteristic examples of the remains of the various animals alluded to were exhibited, and served to enlighten the members with regard to these extinct forms of life. 

In the discussion which followed, Mr. J. P. Thomson, F.R.G.S., expressed the hope that the Natural History Society would take up the question of paleo-climatic conditions, and endeavour to elucidate as far as possible what these were at the time when this uncouth land fauna existed. He thought that this would not be an unworthy aim. Mr. A. Meston also spoke, and produced a number of fossils from his own collection. 

Other extinct animals were referred to by Mr. H. Tryon, many of whose remains he had found on the Darling Downs, and some of which had not been brought to notice previously. ... 

Notes on platypus in the Southern Downs

Having recently participated in an organised excursion to determine platypus numbers in the upper reaches of the Condamine River, I turned to Trove (the National Library of Australia's Online Newspaper Archive) to look for other records of this wonderful animal in the Southern Downs.

All of the article here can be found in a Trove list titled 'Southern Downs Platypus' which I have set up as a collaborative list.  I have only corrected one copy of a text if it appears in multiple papers and usually I have sought to correct the earliest paper.  Some articles appear in the Trove list that do not appear here.  They mostly refer to fossils or bunyip theories.

1873

Record of platypus in the headwaters of the Condamine

TO THE EDITOR SIR, — A paragraph headed, "A curious sporting incident," and extracted from "the Queanbeyan Age, is now going the rounds of our Queensland papers, having reference to the killing of a platypus by water-concussion, or as Mr McCann says, by the filling of the air-cells with water by striking the water through the discharge of his gun in close proximity to the nostrils of the platypus. My object in writing is to confirm the incident. I was shooting near the head of the Condamine river with a Westley Richards breech loading carbine, No. 30 bore. Whilst stand-ing on the bank of a creek, ten or twelve feet perpendicular from the water, a platypus rose, and not wishing to destroy the skin, I took careful aim at its head ; I saw the bullet had struck the water close to its head, but the platypus remained without a move stretched out on the surface of the water. I called to my son, a lad of 15, and lowered him down the bank, and on examining the platypus the skull was sound, as was also the body found to be after skinning, and I arrived at the same conclusion that Mr McCann arrives at — that death was instantaneously caused by the force of water through the nostrils, ears, or eyes, but like yourselves, I must leave the solution of the incident to more scientific brains. I trouble myself to write these few lines in confirmation of the incident, because on relating my adventure, I was subjected to a great deal of chuff by those to whom I de-tailed the incident. 

BELVOR DAVENEY 

Warwick, Queensland, August 29.

Source: 

Correspondence. (1873, September 11). Queanbeyan Age (NSW : 1867 - 1904), p. 2. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article30594612

1881 

Record of a number of platypus in the Severn River

NOTES CONCERNING THE PLATYPUS. — The following interesting notes are sent us by Mr. Her-man Lau :— " I lately went on an expedition to the Severn River with the intention of patiently investigating for my own satisfaction the peculiar habits of the platypus. Of eighteen specimens which I procured only three were females, and these only came out of their underground burrows after their males had been shot. The entrance to the burrow is always under water, but a turn upwards is soon taken until above water level, but it then descends again. At the end is a space scooped out large enough to house at least two pair, and this nest is lined with rootlets and dried grass. These water-holes appear to be to a certain extent gregarious, or else the young keep with their parents until quite grown to maturity. A little before sunrise and sunset they leave their burrows in search of food, which consists of minute bivalves ; these they are often to be seen scraping off submerged logs. Having two formidable grinders at the back of their mouths they can crack these shells, and the food thus prepared is, by the aid of two horny kind of teeth situated on the back part of the tongue, placed in two pouches, one on either side of the cheeks, and thus laden the animals make for their burrow, giving this food to their females, and also storing some up for the summer season." Mr. Lau states it as a fact that during the summer time they are as a rule never to be seen that contrary to all other animals, which when dormant choose the winter in which to lie up, the platypus chooses the summer. [This does not accord with our observations in the Southern colonies. Ed. Q.] "In the month of August two hairless blind young are born, who receive their nourishment of milk which oozes out through fine apertures in the skin under which, along the flank, is a curiously formed milk and so situated that when pressed by the feet of the mother the milk is forced out. As the little one cannot appear the first season before the summer intervenes I consider this the reason why no remarkably small ones have ever been seen. In spring morning takes place, but it is chiefly the silver hairs on the underside that are cast. Only the males have spurs on the hind feet ; these spurs are perforated, and a gland containing a clear watery fluid is found underneath. This substance I have heard is poisonous. [There is, we believe, no foundation for this assertion ; all experiments have failed to prove it injurious Ed. Q.] The length of those I have shot average 1ft. 10in. for the male and 1ft. 6in. for the female. just over the very small black eyes open the ears, which run in the form of a tube under the skin and over the head — a provision evidently for excluding the water. No actual stomach is visible ; the food, exceedingly finely digested, passes simply through the intestine. These little animals are most expert swimmers, and seem quite at ease even against a rapid stream. Out of the water I never saw them, but fancy that when they have to migrate through waterholes drying up they do so at night. The skin is valuable for its fur ; it is to be hoped that this will not lead to the animal's extinction."

Source:

Current Notes on Natural History. (1881, June 4). The Brisbane Courier (Qld. : 1864 - 1933), p. 7. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article910272 

See also:

THE NATURALIST (1881, June 4). The Queenslander (Brisbane, Qld. : 1866 - 1939), p. 715. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20707491 

1880's

Platypus near Lyndhurst

While this article does not state that platypus were observed it does indicate that two schoolboys were there with the expectation that they would be seen. 

THE BUNYIP AGAIN.

A NEW and interesting bunyip theory is put forward by V.B.W. (Toowong), who writes:-"Back in the '80's I was a schoolboy at Warwick, and various and weird were the stories about the mysterious bunyip. Another lad and I, much addicted to fishing and shooting together, were camped one night on the bank of the Condamine, near Lyndhurst, our object being platypus in the very early morning. About 3 a.m. there was a sudden commotion in the water nearby; something large was tearing about on the surface, and making a good deal of noise. By the time we had grabbed our guns and run to the water, however, we could see nothing except the agitated ripples. In about an hour's time the same sound of a body rushing through the water came again. We were at the edge in a very few seconds, but with no better luck than before, and we were two very mystified lads.

"Some months later we were camped out at Emu Creek, at the end of a large, deep hole, this time quite close to the water. Towards morning we were awakened by the noise of something in the water rushing around on the surface, but by the time we were properly awake the heaving was becoming smooth again. We kept awake and ready, and it came again just before daybreak, but it flashed about at tremendous speed, and for only a few seconds. At full daylight we found the water only about 3ft. deep here, with a flat, stony bottom, and there we saw three or four jew-fish 'nests,' each with the mother jewfish swimming slowly round and round as their habit is. We concluded that what had made the great disturbances was a big cod or other large fish which had been after the Jew-fish, or attempting to rob the nests. Thus was the old Bunyip myth simply explained away, for us at least."

Source:

The Bushlover. (1931, May 23). The Brisbane Courier (Qld. : 1864 - 1933), p. 17. Retrieved October 3, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article21718593 

1892

Platypus skins prepared in Killarney, perhaps caught locally.

I think Opussum skins would be brush tailed possums and possibly cat skins would be quolls, but this does not account for the grey.  Not sure what the squirrel would be.  Also worth noting the absence of the rakali (water rat) from this list.

Tanned Skins for Sale.

F BECKER, Spring Greek, Killarney, has the following lines of Skins, beautifully Tanned, for sale:- Opossum Skins 9s doz., Opossum 6s doz., Cat 12s doz., Cat 6s doz., Cat (grey) 3s doz., Platypus 30s doz., Platypus 12s doz. Squirrel 30s doz., Squirrel 12s doz., Wallaby (scrub) 6s doz.

Orders left at the Exchange will be attended to.

Source:

Advertising (1892, June 11). Warwick Examiner and Times (Qld. : 1867 - 1919), p. 3. Retrieved November 7, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article82218141

1910

Notes on a rug for sale made from Killarney platypus

PLATYPUS RUG.

There is on view in one of the windows of Messrs. Gobbetts Ltd., the Big Store, a beautiful Platypus skin rug, made from skins collected by Mr. McKeating of this city. The majority of the skins were collected near Killarney, and they are in splendid condition, and the rug is lined with dark red satin which gives it a handsome appearance. We understand that the rug is for sale at a reasonable price, and it should be appreciated if sent to friends in the old land.

Source:

PLATYPUS RUG. (1910, March 12). Darling Downs Gazette (Qld. : 1881 - 1922), p. 4. Retrieved November 7, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article182906207

1912

Platypus observed near Scotts Weir, Warwick. 

PLATYPUS CAUGHT ALIVE.

Early on Sunday morning Mr. A. Redgwell, of this town, succeeded in capturing a very fine specimen of that interesting animal, the Ornithorynchus parahoaxus or duck-billed platypus, which was disporting itself in the water of the Condamine, near the East street ford (says the War wick "Argus" at 20th August). It is very rarely that these animals are captured alive, and Mr. Redgwell, who is aware of that fact, is desirous of knowing whether any of the scientific societies or institutions in Brisbane would be glad to take charge of the captive. Failing that, he is determined to restore that animal to the river.

Source:

PLATYPUS CAUGHT ALIVE. (1912, August 22). The Telegraph (Brisbane, Qld. : 1872 - 1947), p. 8. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article178644877

See also:

PLATYPUS CAUGHT ALIVE. (1912, August 30). The Week (Brisbane, Qld. : 1876 - 1934), p. 27. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article188914450

AN INTERESTING CAPTURE. (1912, August 22). The Bundaberg Mail and Burnett Advertiser (Qld. : 1892 - 1917), p. 3. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article215520212

1916

Impact of drought on an undisclosed location close to Main Range

DROUGHT ON THE DOWNS.

The enclosed photos (writes a correspondent) will give an idea of how the present drought affected one of the best watered localities on the Darling Downs, only a few miles from the Main Range. Under ordinary conditions the place where the canoe is in the second picture would be the centre of a stretch of water a mile long and anything from 12 to 20 feet deep, on which much enjoyment was obtained by having a row in the cool evenings. Immediately around the canoe can be seen the skeletons of dead turtles, not to mention hundreds of the freshwater cat fish, ranging from ½lb. to 1lb., I tried to count them, but when I got up to 200 had to stop. There were also the remains of platypus and water rats. On the banks of this dry waterhole the lucerne is still growing, and an occasional cutting is taken off, which cannot be wondered at seeing that it is noted as being one of the best lucerne areas in the Warwick district. Before the land comprising these lucerne properties was cut up and sold, a good-sited steamer could be floated in the waterhole, but the cracked bottom will show that some of the alluvial from the farms has been swept in by storms. (The photograph showing the dry bed was taken before the recent thunderstorms.—Ed "Q.").

Source:

Our Illustrations. (1916, February 19). The Queenslander (Brisbane, Qld. : 1866 - 1939), p. 29. Retrieved November 7, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article23602283

1929

Platypus in near Queens Park, Warwick.

Helen Street should probably be read Helene Street, in which case the bridge is better known today as the O. O. Madsen Bridge.  While the published records of platypus in the Condamine are sparse it is worth noting that the 'now extinct' in this note suggests a time when they were readily observed.

PLATYPUS IN THE CONDAMINE.

The common belief that the platypus is now extinct so far as the Condamine is concerned was dispelled a few days ago, when several residents of Warwick saw one of these animals from Helen-street bridge.

Source:

Platypuses in the Condamine. (1929, August 7). The Brisbane Courier (Qld. : 1864 - 1933), p. 14. Retrieved October 3, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article21435183

See also:

Platypuses in the Condamine. (1929, August 15). The Queenslander (Brisbane, Qld. : 1866 - 1939), p. 60. Retrieved October 3, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article22916630

1932

Platypus in the Warwick Baths

The assumption in this article that the platypus survived a journey from Connelly Dam to Warwick in a pipe seems unlikely.

PLATYPUS IN BATHS.

TOURING the progress of swimming and life saving competitions on February 19 a small platypus was found in the Warwick baths, evidently having made Its way through the inlet pipe, which is connected with the dam at Silverwood, about 15 miles away. This is the first time for many years that platypus has been seen in the Warwick district.

Source:

PLATYPUS IN BATHS. (1932, February 25). The Queenslander (Brisbane, Qld. : 1866 - 1939), p. 15. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article23146877

See also:

1936

Platypus near Queens Park

THE PLATYPUS

MANY IN CONDAMINE

INTERESTING LITTLE ANIMAL

Australia's wonder animal, the platypus, is not as uncommon in the Condamine river as many Warwick residents imagine, as in the past months seven of the shy little creatures save been captured near the Queen's Park bridge. A male, 18 inches in length, taken on Thursday morning, provided an interesting lesson in natural history for numerous children before it was returned to its favourite haunt.

Last March, Lawrence Selke, aged 15 years, of Alice-street, decided to trap water rats with the object of making pocket money from the sale of skins. Using rabbit traps set close to the water between the weir and the bridge, he caught numerous water rats and occasionally trapped a platypus. As there was little tension in the springs, the "duckbills" suffered little or no in-jury, being merely held securely until the boy arrived in the early morning and released them.

The young trapper said that as a rule when platypuses were caught in the traps they did not struggle, but just lay quietly on the bank and showed no sign of alarm at his approach. When released they seemed to enjoy having their fine, soft fur stroked, and when placed on the grass made unhurriedly for the-water. The platypus captured on Thursday seemed be more active than the others caught, and evidently had struggled to free itself as one of its' forefeet was injured. Except for a half-grown male, the animals caught previously were females.

The broad river reach, from the weir around Queen's Park to Helene-street bridge, evidently is a favourite resort for platypuses, as on several occasions odd ones have been seen swimming or lazily floating. Mr. Harry Burrell, C.M.Z.S., whose contribution to zoological literature was a popular work on the platypus, written in 1927, after 20 years of study and research, spent several weeks wading along the river between these points in search of burrows and specimens.

No other animal in the world has aroused so much interest or caused more controversy than the platypus, which puzzled science had labelled Ornithorhynchus paradoxus. This strange little creature presents many primitive features, both in its internal anatomy and externally. It has a soft, flat bill, a squat and muscular body covered with beautiful fur, webbed feet furnished with claws for burrowing, and a fat tail, The female lays two eggs, sometimes three, resembling those of reptiles. The male has two spurs on the hind feet, these being connected with poison glands. Platypuses make burrows, swim quickly through the water and, although ungainly, can move rapidly on the ground. They live on worms, grubs, tadpoles, and the larvae of water insects, and mud is said to be a necessary adjunct to their diet. The most famous platypus is "Splash," who has lived for more than two years in captivity. While many wild animals take kindly to domestication, the peculiar and almost gluttonous diet of these little creatures, coupled with a nervous temperament, prevented their being kept in captivity for more than a few, weeks. After a close study of the platypus and its ways, Mr. Robert Eadie, of Healesville, Victoria, obtained a young live specimen, and kept it under what he believes are the nearest approach to natural conditions. Not only has "Splash" survived; he has grown from 15 inches to 22 inches in length, and is very playful.

Source:

THE PLATYPUS (1936, August 15). Warwick Daily News (Qld. : 1919 -1954), p. 2. Retrieved October 3, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article177384224

See also:

NOT SO RARE! (1936, August 17). The Courier-Mail (Brisbane, Qld. : 1933 - 1954), p. 11. Retrieved October 3, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article38501129

THE PLATYPUS (1937, January 4). The Inverell Times (NSW : 1899 - 1907, 1909 - 1954), p. 8. Retrieved October 3, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article185381207

1938

Platypus goes to the ambulance station

This is the most repeated story that I came across, picked up by at least ten papers, I assume because it was a curious human interest story. There is a long version used here and a shorter version which is the more republished version.

PLATYPUS ON TOUR

How does one treat an injured platypus? Bearer W. McCallum, of the Warwick ambulance brigade, asked himself that question yesterday when he picked up a small platypus that had wandered into the station and made itself comfortable under one of the trans-port cars. Evidently the platypus, a female 15 inches in length, had been attacked by a dog, for its tail was somewhat lacerated. After examining the specimen, the bearer decided to leave the healing of the wound entirely to Nature. It would have been quite possible for the platypus to have wandered away from the river and followed the watertables half a mile to the ambulance station, but the more likely explanation is that it was brought, to the city as a curiosity and made its escape. In the after-noon, the quaint little creature was taken to Queen's Park and released in the Condamine. For a few minutes it entertained its liberators with a diving display quite close to the bank and finally swam on the surface to the other side of the river.

Source:

Platypus On Tour (1938, April 25). Warwick Daily News (Qld. : 1919 -1954), p. 2. Retrieved October 3, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190548926

See also:

UNEXPECTED PATIENT. (1938, May 24). Burra Record (SA : 1878 - 1954), p. 2. Retrieved October 3, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36066929

21 Palindromes

I have discovered a new way to browse Trove (the National Library of Australia's Online Archive). Rather than search for a particular phrase it is possible to search by category. I chose to search for 'puzzles', which is one of the 21 categories available and then by date (earliest first).  The second entry I found was a set of riddles for palindromes (words that read the same forwards or backwards) on page 3 of the The Perth Gazette and Western Australian Journal of Saturday May 18, 1844.

I could not find a solutions list in the paper nor was I able to solve all the riddles, so thought it may be a fun task for the blog. I will publish our best guesses at the bottom of the list, if you have possible solutions for the others, or better solutions than the ones suggested please let me know. I will update the solutions as they arrive.

UPDATE (9 Dec 2021) The list was republished in The Hobart Town Advertiser of 1849, which then published a list of answers two weeks later.  They added on more riddle to the end, which I have included also.  It is a palindromic place name ... a list of other palindromic place names can be found in Wikipedia. Must admit some of the answers don't seem right.  Perhaps there is word mean shift since 1849.

TWENTY-ONE RIDDLES.

1. Dean Swift often speaks of a queen, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

2. Call a kitchen maid by it, and still the same name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

3 A prophet of old had a mother, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

4. And of female recluses we know that the name,
Read backward and forward, is always the same.

5. When you speak to a lady, you’ll find that the name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

6. When a child, you were dressed in a thing, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

7. Then, too, you were fed with something, whose name.
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

8. You may travel abroad in a carriage whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

9. You may pass o'er a flat piece of ground, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

10. Where the lamb trots about, by a creature, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

11. You may go out and walk at an hour, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

12. Or you may ride at a subsequent hour, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

13. If you fire off a gun, you'll hear something, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

14. And your dog may hunt well, though no longer his name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

15. Your bird, too, may sicken at something, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

16. You may quaff strong drink, made of wheat, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

17. Or stare at a giant, whose dwarfish name,
Read backward or forward is always the same.

18. But this you can't do, without a thing, whose name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

19. If you write in defence of sound doctrine, its name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

20. Do but take a sly look, and of this, too, the name,
Read backward or forward, is always the same.

21. Nay, whatever is done, believe me, its name,
Read backward and forward, is always the same.

22. A town in Ireland, of which the name.
Read backward and forward, is always the same.

Spoiler alert - Solutions.

Bold and italic indicate the published answers. Non-bolded, non-italicised answers are from the hive mind.  Thank you to those who contributed.

1. ANNA
2. NAN
3. HANNAH - mother of the Old Testament prophet Samuel.
4. NUN
5. MADAM or MA'AM.
6. BIB
7. BOOB :-) or PAP - a bland soft food or semi-liquid often fed to babies.
8. GIG - A small two wheeled carriage.
9. LEVEL
10. EWE
11. NOON
12. EVE
13. POP ... PIP
14. PUP
15. POP
16. POP
17. GAG
18. EYE
19. TENET - a principle, belief, or doctrine generally held to be true
20. PEEP
21. DEED or DID
22. NAVAN

PS:  Discovered two other, and earlier, publishing dates for this article, full references below.

Sources:

TWENTY-ONE RIDDLES. (1843, November 14). Colonial Times (Hobart, Tas. : 1828 - 1857), p. 4. Retrieved July 31, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8754214

TWENTY-ONE RIDDLES. (1843, December 30). Morning Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1843 - 1846), p. 4. Retrieved July 31, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article31741823

TWENTY-ONE RIDDLES. (1844, May 18). The Perth Gazette and Western Australian Journal (WA : 1833 - 1847), p. 3. Retrieved July 31, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article645078

TWENTY-TWO RIDDLES, THE ANSWERS BEING TWENTY-TWO PALIN DROMIC WORDS. (1849, February 27). The Hobart Town Advertiser (Tas. : 1839 - 1861), p. 4. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article264603122

LOCAL. (1849, March 13). The Hobart Town Advertiser (Tas. : 1839 - 1861), p. 3. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article264603258